Chapter/Index: Introduction | A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
Appendix
Free-Electron Metals
|
| 1 |
2 |
|
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
| 1 |
|
2 |
| H |
| Transition metals |
Free-electron metals |
Metalloids |
Nonmetals |
|
He |
| 3 |
4 |
|
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
| Li |
Be |
|
B |
C |
N |
O |
F |
Ne |
| 11 |
12 |
|
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
| Na |
Mg |
|
Al |
Si |
P |
S |
Cl |
Ar |
| 19 |
20 |
|
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 |
35 |
36 |
| K |
Ca |
|
Sc |
Ti |
V |
Cr |
Mn |
Fe |
Co |
Ni |
Cu |
Zn |
Ga |
Ge |
As |
Se |
Br |
Kr |
| 37 |
38 |
|
39 |
40 |
41 |
42 |
43 |
44 |
45 |
46 |
47 |
48 |
49 |
50 |
51 |
52 |
53 |
54 |
| Rb |
Sr |
|
Y |
Zr |
Nb |
Mo |
Tc |
Ru |
Rh |
Pd |
Ag |
Cd |
In |
Sn |
Sb |
Te |
I |
Xe |
| 55 |
56 |
|
71 |
72 |
73 |
74 |
75 |
76 |
77 |
78 |
79 |
80 |
81 |
82 |
83 |
84 |
85 |
86 |
| Cs |
Ba |
{57-70} |
Lu |
Hf |
Ta |
W |
Re |
Os |
Ir |
Pt |
Au |
Hg |
Tl |
Pb |
Bi |
Po |
At |
Rn |
| 87 |
88 |
|
103 |
104 |
105 |
106 |
107 |
108 |
109 |
110 |
111 |
112 |
|
114 |
| Fr |
Ra |
[89-102] |
Lr |
Rf |
Db |
Sg |
Bh |
Hs |
Mt |
Ds |
Uuu |
Uub |
|
Uuq |
| |
|
57 |
58 |
59 |
60 |
61 |
62 |
63 |
64 |
65 |
66 |
67 |
68 |
69 |
70 |
|
|
| {lanthanides} {57-70} |
La |
Ce |
Pr |
Nd |
Pm |
Sm |
Eu |
Gd |
Tb |
Dy |
Ho |
Er |
Th |
Yb |
|
|
|
89 |
90 |
91 |
92 |
93 |
94 |
95 |
96 |
97 |
98 |
99 |
100 |
101 |
102 |
|
|
| {actinides} [89-102] |
Ac |
Th |
Pa |
U |
Np |
Pu |
Am |
Cm |
Bk |
Cf |
Es |
Fm |
Md |
No |
|
|
| |
For many solids, especially metals, the bonding electrons can be considered as a free electron gas. Plasmons that are oscillations of the free electron are generated when an incident electron travels through the gas. The plasmon energies increase with electron density so that EEL spectra in the low loss range can be used to estimate free electron density.
|
