This book (Practical Electron Microscopy and Database) is a reference for TEM and SEM students, operators, engineers, technicians, managers, and researchers.

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The shell electrons are bound to atoms by what is called binding energy. The strongest binding energy is the K-shell binding energy and the binding energies get weaker for the the further electron from the nucleus. Moreover, the binding energies increase with the atomic number of the nucleus as indicated by the examples in Table 3959.

Table 3959. K-Shell Binding Energy for Various Elements