Chapter/Index: Introduction | A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
J |
K |
L |
M |
N |
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
T |
U |
V |
W |
X |
Y |
Z |
Appendix
EELS Measurement of Barium (Ba)
| Examples of EELS studies in Ba-containing materials are:
- Barium Titanate (BaTiO3): BaTiO3 is a well-known ferroelectric material, and EELS can be used to study its electronic structure and phase transitions. EELS helps in analyzing the titanium L-edge and oxygen K-edge to gain insights into the bonding environment in BaTiO3. Although the focus is often on Ti and O, Ba-related edges can also be studied to understand the role of Ba in the material's properties.
- Ba doped Materials: In various other materials, Ba might be used as dopants. EELS can be utilized to study the distribution and local environment of these dopants, offering insights into how they affect the material's overall properties.
Typical Ba observations in EELS are:
- Barium (Ba): In EELS, the Ba M-edge and N-edge can be analyzed. These edges provide information about the valence state of Ba and its local chemical environment.
Barium (Ba) EELS edges are:
- M-edge:
- Ba M5-edge: ~781 eV
- Ba M4-edge: ~796 eV
- The M-edge in Ba corresponds to the excitation of 3d electrons to unoccupied states. The M5 and M4 edges are due to transitions from the 3d5/2 and 3d3/2 levels, respectively.
- N-edge:
- Ba N4,5-edge: ~90 eV to 100 eV
- The N-edge corresponds to transitions involving 4d electrons. The N4 and N5 edges arise from the 4d3/2 and 4d5/2 states, respectively.
These energy edges are essential in EELS studies as they provide detailed insights into the local electronic structure and chemical environment of Ba in different materials. The precise energy values can vary slightly depending on the chemical state and bonding environment of the elements.
Figure 4713 shows the EELS of BaO.
Figure 4713. EELS of BaO.
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