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The initial SE (secondary electrons) angular-distribution as SEs leave the emitting
surface is predicted to follow a cosine distribution [1]
----------------------------------------------- [4838]
Here, δ0 is the SE yield at α = 0°. Figure 4838 shows the SE
angular-distribution for our polycrystalline gold sample at electron beam energy of 1.5 keV.
Figure 4838. SE angle-resolved yield data for
polycrystalline Au with electron beam energy of 1.5 keV.
The
curve fits the data using the cosine distribution of Equation [4838]. [2]
[1] J. H. L. Jonker, The angular-distribution of the secondary electrons of
nickel, Philips Res. Rep., 6, 372-387,1951.
[2] N. Nickles, R. E. Davies and J. R. Dennison, Applications of Secondary Electron Energy- and Angular-Distributions to Spacecraft Charging, 6th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference, AFRL-VS-TR-20001578, 1 September 2000.
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