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TypeError: code:          
         
Output:         
         

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Timing a process: code:
        
Output:        
        

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from functools import reduce: code:
        
Output:        
        

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Simple F-string: code:
         
Output:         
         Hello LIAO

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Convert images to image files with different extension: code:
         

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outer_func() returns inner_func(): code:
         
Output:         
         

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Use decorators. Decorating the lambda function this way could be useful for debugging purposes: code:
         
Output:         
         

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Find the maximum in a column in a csv file: code:
        
Input:
         
Output:
         

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Search a row with a keyword from multiple csv files: code:
         
Input:
         Multiple csv files in the folder "MyPath".
Outputs:
            Output 1. A csv file with a name of "My_Output.csv" (the csv in red does not have a real "header"):
           
            Output 2: Printed in Python interface:
           

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Send emails in HTML format: code:     
         
Output:         
         

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Troubleshooting: Error occurs when running the script below (code):

         
Error is:          
          File "C:/GlobalSino2/ICs/page4853movFiles5.py", line 16, in <module>
          os.rename(source, destination)
          FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified: 'C:\\Users\\yyliao\\Downloads\\AAPL.csv' -> 'C:\\0Python\\Stocks\\IndividualStocks\\AAPL.csv'         
Correct script (code):          
         

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By default, when a script is executed, the interpreter reads the script and assigns the string __main__ to the __name__ keyword. Code 1 and Code 2:

     Code 1:
         
     Output:         
                   
     Code 2:
         
     Output:         
         

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Extract text files from pdf file page by page (one .txt file per pdf page). code:
        
     Input:
        
     Output 1:
        
     Output 2 (note: each pdf page are double-extracted into each .txt file):
        

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Copy file: code:
         
Output: