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The growth rate of pure aluminum (Al) bulk follows an empirical equation given by, [1]
------------------------------- [2025a]
where,
n -- The time exponent,
D -- The mean grain diameter,
t -- The time of annealing,
K -- The temperature-dependent constant given by,
------------------------------- [2025b]
where,
Q -- The activation energy for grain growth,
K0 -- A constant,
R -- The universal gas constant,
T -- The absolute temperature.
[1] P.A. Beck, L. T. Demer and M. L. Holzworth, Trans. Am. Inst. Min., Metall. Pet. Eng., 175
(1948) 372.
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